Wrench



Oct. 2, 1928. I 1,686,376

T. HANNES ET AL WRENCH Filed Sept. 10. 1926 3 Sheets-Shet 1 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 WRENCH Fiied Sept. 10. 1926 T. S. HANNES ET AL Oct. 2, 1928.

INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY Oct. 2, 1928.

T. S. HANNES ET AL WRENCH Filed Sept. 10. 1926 5 SheetsSheet A TTORNEY IN VEN TOR BY 17 fi l/WES Patented Get. 2, 152%.

oints leans.

, g i VIRENCI-I.

Application filed September Our invention relates to wrenches, '?and more particularly to' socket wrenches, although we des1re it 'to be understood that our invention is applicable to wrenches other than socketwrenches. g j The objects of our invention are: first, to provide a unitary'wrench having a multi plicity, of. wrench members adaptedto be readily adjusted relative to each other so as to independently fit nuts, bolts, or other members of various sizes for turningthe same; second, to provide a wrench having a multiplicity of'axially shifta-ble telescoping wrench members adapted to be independently extended beyond one endof the wrench soas to fit nuts, bolts, or other members of differ ent sizes when the separate wrench members are, extended; third, to provide a compact unitary socket wrench adapted to fit nuts,

bolts,or other members of various sizes, and

a wrench of this class having ratchet means whereby the handle means may be connected with the wrench members so that the latter may be intermittently rotated in one directionYor the other, and whereby the handle means may be extended longitudinally rela tive to theswren ch members so that the wrench may be used'in deep recesses, fourth, to provide a wrench of this class from which none of the parts maybe readily lost; fifth, to provide a novel and simple means for adjusting and locking the several wrench mem-' bers relative to each other in .a multiple wrench of the class mentioned; sixth, to pro.-

' vide a wrenchhaving a multiplicity of intershiftable telescoping wrench members adap ed to be used one at a time, said wrench members being rigidly mounted with respect to each other and adapted to be; longitudinally guided and locked. against rotatable movement relative to each other seventh, to provide-a wrench in which the handle thereof, when shifted in one direction, is adapted to rotate the wrench-member in one direction and, when shifted to the opposite side of the wrench member, is adapted to shift the latter in the opposite direction; eighth,to provide a wrench of this class 'whei'eby the wrench member may be rotatedin either direction by the handle when the latter is longitudinally extended relativevto the'former; ninth, to provide as a whole a novelly constructed wrench offlthis class; and, tenth, to provide awrench of this class which is simple and economical of'con struction proportionate to its function, durable, efficient, easy to adjust 10, 1926. Serial No. 134,665.

and manipulate and which willnot readily deteriorate or get out of order.

l/vith these and other'objectsin View, as

will appear hereinafter, our invention consists of certain novel fea'tures'of construe tion, combination and arrangement of parts.v

and portions, as will be hereinafterdescribed in-detail and particularlysetforth in the ap pended claims, reference being bad to'theac companying drawings and to the. characters of reference thereon whichform this application in which: i

part, of

Figure 1 is a top view. of our wrenchshoiw ing the handle fragmentarily and extended to 5 ts operative position aright angle to the 3 axes of rotat'! on of the wrench members ,Fig.

2 is a side elevational fview thereof;-Figl3 is a fragmentary side elevational viewthereof showing the handle extended inline with the wrench' members so that? the wrench may be used for tightening and unlooseningnuts and the like in, deep recesses, or-ordinarily inaccessible portions; Fig, 4: is another side elevational view of'fthe wrench taken fromtlie front side, or at a right angle to that shown in Fig. 2; Fig.6 is alongitudinalsectional elevational view thereof taken through 5-5 of Fig. 52, certain pa-rtsland portions being shown in elevationto' facilitate the illust'r'a tion and other parts beingshown by dotted lines shifted to, otheifpositions,Fig. dis a fragmentz iry longitudinal sectionalflelevm tio'nal view tliereofftaken through :6: 6 of l, also showing certain partsandportions in elevation to facilitate the illustration F 7 is a sectional viewthereof taken through 77 ofFig. '2; llig.v 8 is a partial;

sectional view and partial top view thereof taken at 8- 8 of Figs. 9 and 10 are transverse sectional views thereof "taken re-- spectivclythrough 9+9 and 10-'1O ofFig 6, and Fig, 11 is airagmen-t'ary sectional view thereof taken through l lell' of Fig, 8, showing the shifting'of the pawls toinoperative positionby the handleg" j;. i i

' Like characters of reference refer to vsimilar parts and portions throughout A oral viewsLofthe dra e The outer socket member. 1, socket hers 2, 3 i screw- I memand 4, guide and Sf/Op member 15,

)er8,retaining and guide plates9 and 1O,

ratchet 7, wrenchrotating menol screws 11, pawls 12 andlS, pins 14, pawl springs 15, handle: 16, pivot members 17, wrench member ad usting screws 18,,19fand 20, ad ustlng screwrotating .key or plunger guide 21, adjusting screw rotating key, or

plunger 22, knob 23, compression spring 2%.

' andthe handle member constitute the principal parts and portions of our wrench in its preferred form of construction.

The outer wrench member or socket lis preferably made cylindrical or slightly ta- "pered toward'its lower end and is preferably provided with a hexagonal recess 1'" extending inwardly from its lower or small end. I The wrench or socket-members 2, 3 and t are of similar construction the latter fitting respectively wit-hinthe former and the'wrench or so'cketinember 2 fitting within the wrench member 'Said wrench members 2, 3 and 4t are preferably made of hexagonal tubes of such sizes that the inner tubes may be readily shifted z'txiallyfivith respect to the adjacent outer'tubes. It will be here noted that the wrench or socket members are adapted to fit hexagonal nuts, bolts, or other members.

It is obvious that the tubes or wrench members of other cross section may be similarly used I and combined to fit nuts, bolts or other mem- The outer or normally lower ends of all of the wrench members are preferably slightly tapered or bers of difieren't shapes.

rounded at said ends so as to permit the wrench members to be inserted into small recesses. l

Spaced from the outer or lower end of the wrench member 1 and extending transversely through the central portion thereof, is a guide and stop member 5 which is secured in position by means of ascre w 6 extending through a flange portion 5? at the one end of the member 5 and int othe member 1, asshown best in Fig. 5. Said member e-extends also through longitudinal slots in'the wrench or socket-members 2, 3 andt, as'shown in'Figs. 5, 6 and 10, permitting said wrench or socket members to be shifted axially with respect to the member l but also prevents said wrench or socket members to be withdrawn from the member 15 The guide and stop member 5 also takes the torsional strains from the adjacent outer wrench member from the'wrench member 0 ,which-theinitial strain is applied. l ""'The upper enlarged end of the wrench member'l is reduced and provided with a reversible ratchet 7 having rectangular longitudinal grooves in itsperiphery. Around the ratchet is rotatably mounted the wrench rotatlng member 8 which is in the form of an annular collar having extended portions 8 at its-diametrically opposite sldes. The rotating member or collar 8 is retained-in position'against theshoulder, formed by the reducedportion of the member 1, by the retaining member 9;, which, together with the retaining member 10, is secured to the upper end of the wrench member 1 by screws 11.

In the extended portions of the collar 8,

are provided slots which extend transversely with the axis of rotation of the collar. In

of the springs 15 engage the opposite ends of e the pawls and normally force said ends out wardly from thecollar. 8, as shown bestin F 1 and 8. The outer ends of said pawls are provided with enlarged portions lQ fand 13 respectively, which portions extend transversely with the pawlsand parallel with their 7 pivotalalxes and are considerably rounded at their outer sides, as shown in Figs. 1, 41,8

and 11. I g I The handle 16 is bifurcated'at its'one end and is'adapted to receive in the bifurcated portion the collar 8.. The ends ofthe furcations are provided with pivot pins or trun nions 17, which extend into diametrically opposite holes 8 in the annular member or collar 8, said holes being positioned intermediate the extended portions of the annular member or collar, as shown in Fig. 8. Thus the handle 16 is pivotally conneeted'to the annular member or.collar 8 so that the former may swing to either side of the latter, or to any intermediate positionrelative to the latter. WVhen the handle is shifted to the position shown in Figs. 1, 2, 6 and 8, thesame is adapted to engage the outer end of one of the pawls'and disengage said pawl from the ratcl1et,as shown in Fig. 8, and when the handle isshiftedto the opposite side of the annular member or collar,

the same is adapted to release the formerly depressed pawl and engage the other pawl,

correspondinglydepressing the sameanddisengag ng the opposite end thereoffrom the ratchet, thus permitting the ratchet to be rotated in either direction bythe ratchetand pawl means when the' handle is shifted to its opposite positions relative to the member *8, as stated. The handle-16 is provided with a cam or rounded portion 16 at the point ofengagement thereof with the outer ends of the pawlsso that the pawls are more readily depressed when engaged by the handle, asshown in Figs. 8 and 11.

The arms orfurcationslti of the handle are 4 preferably made of separate-mem'bersjand secured to the main portions 16 'of'the handle by means of screws 16, so that the pivot pins or trunnions 17 may be readily renewed when necessary. i j I h In the upper orheadend of the wrench or socketv member 1, are rotatably mounted the head ends of a plurality of wrench member adjustingscrews 18, 19 and 20, respectively for adjusting the wrench members 2,3 and 1.

At the upper or inner ends of, the wrench or socket'members 2, 3 and 1, are provided in- Wardlyextending portio is'or sockets 2, 3 and a respectively, into which the adjusting screw-s extend for adjusting said wrench mem- 7 here, said portions 2 '3 and P being also ill.

' adapted to prevent the removal of said wrench members from the mainyor outer wrench member 1; portions 2 3? and 4 are alsov so shaped as to readily slide past each other when adjusting the separate wrench. members inwardly or outwardly. The screwsl8, 19 and20 are provided with large pitch or multiple threads so that the wrench meinbersinay be quickly adjusted inwardly or outwardly.

The retaining member 9 at the upper end ofgthe wrench member-l is provided at upper-side with a transverse groove 9 in which is reciprocallyinountcd the slide2l,

said slide being retained inposition in said groove by the retaining member or plate 10 positioned at the outer side of the member .9.

The retaining member 10 is provided with a transverseslot 10, coincident with the groove 9, through which the outer. end of the slide 21 extends. 1 At the inner portion of the slide 21 is reciprocally mounted a plunger or screw adjusting key 22 which is provided with a reduced stein extending beyond the upper end of the slide and to which is secured a knob 28. Around t-he stem 22 is positioned a com-- pression spring 24: which engages the shoulder at the lower portion ofthe key and is adapted to force the key portion 22 at 'itsinn'er, end into the slots in the heads of the adjusting screws, as shown best in Fig. 5. It will be here by means of the screw20, isshown in its outer oroperative position for rotating a small nut or bolt. In order to adapt the wrench for alarger si'ze nut or bolt, the member 4 screwed inwardly rotating the screw 20 in the properdirection; then the knob 28 is with drawn, disengaging the key 22 from the head of the screw 20. and shifted opposite the head of the screw '19 and released the knob 23 then rotatedin the'properdirection so that the wrench orsocket ineniber'3 is forced out wardly, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 5 Iii the wrench is to be adapted for the next size. nut or bolt, the wrench member 3 is shifted inwardly and the member 2 forced outwardly. It will be here noted that the wrench members cannot be shifted inwardly withoutmanipula;

'tion of'the adjustingscrmvs by reason of the heads of said screws being retained in position by the retaining member 9 said member 9,

however 'bGlD rovid-ed with holes 0 3 iosite' bolt-s.

recesso-r" considerable depth, the handle 16 is shifted tea position intermediate-the right angle'p'ositions otthehandle previously referred to "or to the position in alignment with thelongitudinal axis of the wrench members,

as shown in Fig. 3. In thelatter case,the annular member or'collar is positively locked.

relativeto the outer, Wrench member-l so that 1 the wrench members are rotated irrespectiveof the direction of rotation of the handle;

die-member 25 is extended through ahole 16- 'VVhen desiring to rotate a nut-or bolt in a" extending transversely through the' outer keys 2 5 which are adapted to retain theli=an-- die member within the outer end ofthe hanportion of the handle, as shown in Figs. l

dle 1.6. lhehole16 at thevoiit'erend of the I handle is preferably slotted atone side so as to permit one of-the keys 25 to be extended therethrough. After the "handle' member 25 is. inserted through the hole in the handle, as stated, theliandle member 25 is l rotated a portion are revolution and thus retained in position.

Though we have shown and described a particular construction, combination and arrange'ment of parts and portionsflv-e donot wish to be limited to this particular constructi'o'n, combination and arrangement butdesire to include in the'scope ot'our invention 7 the construction, combination and arrangement substantially as; set "forth inf theap-f pei'ided. claims; I i

Having thus described our inventiomwhfat we claimas new and desire to secure byLetters-Patent'is':

IJIn a wrench, angoute-rsocket, a plurality ot-other sockets mounted within the jo ter socket, an annular member mounted on said .l'm' outer. socket, reversible ra-tch'etfa'nd pawl means 'operatively connecting [said annular 7 member with said o'ut'e-r-isockeh'a handle piv- 'otally connected to said annular member; and. means in connection with said handle and said ratchet andpawl means whereby said ratchet and pawl means is reversed when said handle is shifted from one-position to its opposite position relative to saidannuiar member. 1 i 2.; In awrench, an out-er socket, aplural'ity of other sockets mounted within the-outer socket, anannular member mounted on said outer socket, reversible ratchet and pawl means operatively' connectingsa-id' annular member'withsaid outer socket, a handle pivotallycon ie'cted to said annular member, and

means in connection with said-handle andsaid" ratchet and pa'wl-ineansiwhereb'y ratchet and; pawl means is reversed when said handle isshifted from one positionto its opposite position relativetosaid annular member and whereby said annular member is positively locked with said outer socket when said handle is shifted to an intermediate position.

3. In a wrench, an 0uter socket, socket wrench members telescopically l mounted within-said outer socket, and screw means ex tending within, said outer socket in connection with said socket wrench members for adjust-ing the same axially'with respect toeach other. 7 n 4. In -a wrench, an outer socket, socket wrench JIIGHl-bGlfS telescopically mounted within the outer socket, screw means extending within said outer socket in connection with saidv soclgetwrenchmembers for adjusting the same axially with respect to each other, and ratchet and pawl means in connection with said outer socket.lor;rotating the same.

. In awrench, a main wrench member, a

plurality of axially shittable wrench members/telescopically mounted. with, respect. to raid main wrench member, ad usting screws in connection with said main wrench member andeach of said intergshit'table'wrench mem-v bers, and means n connection with said main wrench member adaptedito be's'hit'ted transversely therewith and adapted toengage andactuate each of said screws independently of each other.

6. In awrench, a main wrenchmember, a plurality of axially shittable wrench members telescopically mounted with respectto said main wrench member, adjusting screws in connection with said-main wrench member and each ofsaid inter-shiftable wrench members, and means inconneetion with said main wrench nemberadapted to be sh fted transa versely therewith and adapted to engage and actuate each of said screws independently of eachothenand meansfor rotati g said mainv -wrench member. v

l In a wrench, a wrench member,'and a handle rotatably .mounted ,on said wrench member on an axis coincident with the long tudinal axis -of-said wrench member and also pivotally mounted on said wrench member on 'an axis transverse with the longitudinal axis ofzthe latter, I I I f I 5* 8. In a wrench a Wrench member, a handlemeansrotatably mounted onsaid wrench member on an axis coincident with the longitudinal axis of said wrench member and also pivotally mounted on said wrench member onan axistransverse with the longitudinal axis of thelattenand ratchet and pawl means inconnection with said wrench member and said handle means for operatively connecting the latter with the; former whereby [said wrenchjmember may be rotated in one direction when-the handle means is tilted one 'directionabout its-pivotal axis and whereby said wrench member, may berotated 1n the otal axis. s

12'. In a wrench, a

opposite direction when said handle meansis.

tilted in the opposite direction aboutits piv- I 9. In a wrench, a wrench member, a handle means rotatably mounted on said Wr nch member on an axis co ncident with the longitudinal axis of said wrench member-andalso pivotallymounted on said wrench member on an axis transverse with the longitudinal axis.

of the latter, and ratchet and pawl means in,

connectionwith said wrench member and said handle means for operatively connecting the latter with'the formerwhereby said wrenchmember may be. rotated inone direction when the handle-means is tilted in one direction about ltSLPlVOtELl axis and whereby said wrench membermay be rotatedin the op posite direction when said handle meansis tilted in-tlie opposite direction about its 'piv-' otal axis, and also whereby said handleis posi-' tively locked relative to said wrench member when theformei' is'shit'ted to an intermediate position. a J I '10. In a wrench, a .wrench member, an annular member rotatably mounted on said wrench member a handle member pivotally connected to said annular member on an axis transverse with the axis o'f'rotation ofsaid annular member, andratchet and pawlmeans operativ'elyconnecting said annular member with said. wrench member, thepawlsof said ratchet and pawl means being provided with extended portions adapted to be engaged by said handle when the latter is shifted to opposite positions relativeto said annular memher. for variously connectingQsaid annular member with said wrench member for rotating the latter. 1

11. In a wrench, a wrench member, an annular member rotatably mounted on said wrench member, a handle member pivotally her for variouslyconnecting said annular member with said wrenchv member for r0; tating the latter, the extended port ons of IHU said pawls'being disengaged from said handle a when the latter is, shifted to an, intermediate position whereby said annular, member is positively locked relative to 7 said wrench member. e i wrench member, an an.- lnular member rotatably mounted onsaid wrench member, a handle member pivotally connected .to said annular member on an axis transverse with the axis of rotation of said annular member, ratchet and pawl means op.-

eratively connecting saidannular f nember it with said wrench member, the pawls of said ratchet and pawl means being provided with extended portions adapted to be engaged by said handle when the latter is shifted to opposite positions relative tosaid annular memher for variously connecting said annular member with said wrench member for rotating the latter, the'exte'nded portions of said pawls being disengaged from said handle when the latter is shifted to an intermediate position whereby said annular member is positively locked relative to said wrench member, and a handle member extending transversely through the outer end of said handle for rotating the same and said wrench member when the former is shifted .to an intermediate position. 7

13. In a wrench, a wrench member, a handle pivotally mounted at its one end --at the one end of said wrench member, ratchet and pawl mcans'in connection with said wrench member and said handle for operatively connecting the latter with the formerwhereby said wrench member may be rotated in one direction when the handle is tilted to one position about its pivotal axis and whereby said wrench member may be rotated in the opposite direction when said handle is tilted to its opposite position about its pivotal axis, and also whereby said handle is positively locked relative to said wrench member when the former is shifted to an intermediate posi- 14:. In a wrench, an outer socket, a plurality of axially shiftable wrench members telescopically mounted with respect to said outer' f socket, individualscrew means revolubly mounted within the outer socket for independently shifting each wrench member, and

means mounted on the top of said outer socket adapted to be shifted into engagement with each of saidscrew means for actuating same.

15. In a wrench, an outer socket, a plurality of axially shiftablewrench memberstelescopically mounted with respect to said outer socket, longitudinal slots in said wrench members, a gu de member extending" transversely through the wrench members and sa d lon gitudinal slots, adjusting screws 'longitudi nally mounted within the outer socket and pivoted at their lower end on said guide memher and adapted to shift said wrench menu bers independently, and means for actuating said &Cl]l1St1I1g screws.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands atSan Diego, California, this- 28th dayof August, 1926. y

TRYGVE s. 'HANNES. RALPH HANNES. 

